1. In a large pot of boiling salted water, cook asparagus until crisp-tender, about 3 minutes. With a slotted spoon or mesh strainer, transfer asparagus to a colander and rinse under cool water to stop the cooking. Transfer asparagus to a medium bowl. Return water to a boil; add shrimp and cook until pink and opaque throughout, about 2 minutes. Transfer shrimp to bowl with asparagus. Return water to a boil; add noodles and cook according to package instructions. Drain noodles and rinse under cool water.

2. Meanwhile, in a small bowl, whisk together soy sauce, oil, vinegar, and sugar. Divide noodles among 4 bowls and drizzle with dressing. Top with asparagus and shrimp and sprinkle with scallions and basil.