1. Preheat oven to 250 degrees. Place a large heatproof glass measuring cup with a spout in oven.

2. In a small bowl, whisk together sugar and cream of tartar. In a medium saucepan (just large enough to cover burner on stove), bring 1 cup water, corn syrup, and sugar mixture to a boil, slowly stirring, over medium heat. Moisten a pastry brush with water and brush down sides of pan. Continue cooking until mixture reaches 300 degrees on a candy thermometer. (Do not add thermometer to saucepan before mixture comes to a boil, as it will crystallize around thermometer).

3. Remove saucepan from heat; let stand until cooled to 275 degrees. Add food coloring and lemon extract; stir to combine.

4. Remove glass measuring cup from oven. Transfer mixture to glass measuring cup; return measuring cup to oven until no bubbles remain, 5 to 10 minutes.

5. Fill a baking dish with an even layer of popcorn kernels or rice; set a 3 1/2-inch-wide and 1/4-to-1 1/2-inch-deep mold in popcorn to hold steady. Place a lollipop stick in mold and pour candy mixture into mold. Let set at room temperature, until mold and sugar mixture are room temperature, about 30 minutes. Meanwhile, keep remaining candy mixture warm in oven. Carefully remove lollipop from mold and repeat process with remaining candy mixture.