Our Step-by-Step Guide to Cooking Turkey for Thanksgiving

Choosing the Right Size Turkey

When choosing a turkey to serve on Thanksgiving, figure 1 1/2 pounds per person. If you are serving 10 people on Thanksgiving, choose a bird that is 15 to 20 pounds. Smaller birds that weigh less than 12 pounds have a smaller meat-to-bone ratio, so figure two pounds per person. It's always best to have more turkey than not enough in case unexpected guests show up or if someone is particularly hungry. Best of all, you'll be able to save the rest for leftovers!

How to Defrost Frozen Turkey

To prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, thaw frozen turkey in the refrigerator for three to five days, depending on the size of your bird. Allow a full day of defrosting for every four pounds of turkey (for a 15 pound turkey, plan to start defrosting it mid to late day on Sunday). Place the turkey, breast side up, in its original wrapper, on a rimmed baking sheet. Place the sheet on the bottom shelf, and thoroughly disinfect the shelf once the turkey is removed from the refrigerator.

Cleaning the Turkey

Before cooking the turkey, remove the giblets and save them for gravy stock. Next, thoroughly dry the turkey's cavity and skin with paper towels (this helps create a crispy, golden skin). Contrary to popular belief, you should never wash raw poultry—doing so could cause cross-contamination.

• Should You Rinse Raw Chicken Before Cooking?

Wet Versus Dry Brined Turkey

Brining a turkey before roasting it is a great way to build flavor. Dry brining is a quicker method than wet brining with less clean-up required. Rub your bird with six tablespoons of kosher salt (two tablespoons inside the turkey cavity and four tablespoons on the outside). Let the seasoned turkey sit in the refrigerator for 24 hours, uncovered, then rinse.

Wet brining is a way to add a variety of earthy, citrusy flavors to your turkey. Use a combination of buttermilk and water for the wet brine, which keeps the turkey tender and naturally flavorful, then add in aromatics such as peppercorns, citrus slices, fresh thyme, fresh rosemary, bay leaves, and mustard seeds. Place the thawed turkey in the brine to soak for 24 hours before roasting.

• The Best Brine for Your Thanksgiving Turkey

Choosing a Roasting Pan

If you make turkey and other roasted meats frequently, consider investing in a sturdy stainless steel pan that will last a lifetime. Our favorite is the All-Clad Stainless-Steel Roasting Pan with Rack. Heavy stainless steel performs much better than lightweight aluminum, and it distributes heat more evenly. It also won't sag under the weight of a big roast, like the flimsy aluminum pans found in grocery stores. Look for a rectangular pan just big enough to fit your turkey, with medium-height sides (about three inches) and strong handles you can rely on. Avoid choosing a pan with a nonstick surface, which will prevent the turkey juices from browning and caramelizing.

How to Roast a Turkey

For a 15- to 20-pound turkey, start by roasting it in the oven at 425 degrees for 30 minutes. This initial step is crucial for developing a golden brown skin. Baste the turkey every 30 minutes with a combination of melted butter and white wine. Then reduce the oven temperature to 350 degrees and cook for about two to two and half hours, or until the internal temperature of the turkey thigh (the thickest part of the bird) reaches 165 degrees.

• The Golden Rules for Roasting a Turkey

Is Stuffing a Turkey Safe?

Cooking stuffing inside a turkey makes it more flavorful and moist, but you run the risk of exposure to bacteria. Instead, cook the stuffing in a separate buttered casserole dish and baste the stuffing occasionally with turkey juices. If you do stuff the bird, make sure to do it right before the turkey goes in the oven, not ahead of time.

Turkey Stuffing Basics

Stuff the turkey just before roasting to prevent unwanted bacteria growth. The stuffing will expand as it bakes, so fill the turkey's cavity loosely. This also allows the stuffing to cook more evenly and keeps it from becoming too dense. A 12- to 15-pound turkey needs about 10 cups of stuffing; a 15- to 20-pound bird can hold up to 12 cups. To test doneness before serving, insert an instant-read thermometer in the center of the stuffing; it should read 165 degrees when cooked through.

What to Do with Thanksgiving Leftovers

Transform Thanksgiving leftovers into flavorful, inspired dishes. Sliced turkey is the main ingredient in Turkey Breakfast Tacos or Turkey Curry. Use turkey bones as the base for a delicious turkey stock, which can be frozen for up to four months and used in place of chicken stock in most recipes.

• Our Hands-Down Favorite Recipes for Thanksgiving Leftovers