A seed, by design, is programmed to grow -- satisfy its basic requirements, and the rewards will be immeasurable. Although some types of seeds are best sown directly in the garden, many annuals and vegetables, especially frost-sensitive ones that require a long growing season, are ideal for starting indoors and transplanting out once the weather warms. Starting seeds indoors gives you an early start on the season and allows you to try more varieties than will be available locally. Use our seed starting worksheet to help you keep track of the process.

Seeds: Purchase high-quality seeds packed for the current year. Before using them, test old seeds, and always store seeds correctly for later use.

Pots: Choose containers based on your needs and preferences. Thoroughly clean terra-cotta or plastic pots before reusing them for seed starting. Use large clay or plastic pots with drainage holes, also known as community pots, for starting a group of seedlings. Peat pots, cell packs, and pellets are naturally sterile, and because they can be directly planted outdoors, they are ideal for plants with delicate roots. For large sowings, use plastic cell packs for convenience.

Soilless mix: Use a sterile soilless mix that is about one part milled peat moss and one part vermiculite with some perlite. Most commercial seed-starting mixes also have enough fertilizer for about 2 weeks. Never use a mix containing topsoil or compost.

Planting trays and covers: Use plant trays under pots for bottom watering, and top seeds with a clear cover. Clear plastic wrap can also be used to cover germinating seeds.

Labels: Always label seeds with the variety and date sown.

Grow lights: Choose full-spectrum fluorescent lights that can be positioned directly above seeds and raised as seedlings grow. Grow lights not only provide the light required for healthy development, but they also warm the soil, speeding germination.